Capitalism Within Purposeful Business
In the sixth and final part of our series with Andy Last, we discuss capitalism and if it is the best system to follow.
Giles: I’ll press onto a word about capitalism itself. It’s always fascinating to me whether the very core pillars of capitalism are necessarily something that aligns with the purposeful business in the first place, and whether there’s work to be done in that sense as well.
Andy Last: Well, two thoughts on that. One is I grew up very near Port Sunlight, which is one of these model villages that these sort of Victorian industrialists created, and in that case, William Lever, whose company is now Unilever, and he created a model village for his workers to have good conditions to live in and therefore a more sort of productive workforce. He created products like Life Boy soap, which were about saving life, but also making money. And that was absolutely, it was definitely capitalism, but it was understanding that doing social good could benefit the firm in terms of stronger workforce and a bigger market for its product. Bill Gates said capitalism isn’t perfect, but it’s kind of where we’ve evolved to as a species, and therefore we might as well try and use it to address these huge challenges. The world is better, and I believe capitalism is the kind of best organizing construct we have. It definitely isn’t perfect, but as long as it is held to account by pressure groups, by regulation, then I think it remains a very strong vehicle to drive humanity in the right direction as long as it’s held to account.
Giles: Yeah, absolutely. I was talking to somebody the other day, I forget the exact conversation, but they were essentially saying that business does have the solutions to net zero, it does have the potential solutions to climate crisis, and it has potential solutions to employ people to provide us with a way to sell mortgages, to do stuff for our kids. All of that sits within the context of capitalism itself, isn’t it? And as you say, given that that context is now the one that we’re already working in, we’d almost have to tear everything down so it’s very basic foundations and rebuild, which in itself would be virtually impossible to ask for the office, I think.
Andy Last: So we’re certainly not going to drive the innovation we need to tackle the poverty in the world or climate change. That innovation isn’t going to come from government or the charity sector or NGOs. It will come from the market, I’m afraid. Now, the sustainable development goals were developed by businesses, and not for profits, and academia, and governments coming together, and it has to be that analysis and one can’t become too powerful. When you get these sort of huge organizations that are sort of more powerful than nation states, then the sort of balance is beginning to get a bit out of whack. But the innovation will come from capitalism.
Giles: Yeah, fascinating. I’m conscious we’re running through our allotted time a little. Would you better tell me a bit about the future, do you think, and perhaps how you might predict most businesses will align themselves in a decade’s time. Behavioral changes within what businesses have to do and if we can maybe try and catch a sense of where the average business is going to be on sustainability and purpose in decades, time or so.
Andy Last: I just don’t think it’s an option anymore. I think that, we talk about externalities, the sort of external environmental cost of what you did as a business didn’t used to be factored in. It has to be now. Regulation from California to China to the EU to us, there is regulation forcing businesses to be on that journey towards net zero in some cases and the need to have the sort of transparency now in supply chains, you can’t risk really employing slave labor in supply chains and turning a blind eye to it and exploiting workers. The transparency of the internet is forcing that to change. So I think businesses will have to take those externalities, the sort of social impacts and the environmental impacts have to be taken into account. They’ll be forced to do so by government but the market will get there ahead of them and there will be winners and losers in that. And that’s the change. It’s difficult, but I think the change is happening. My son is a history teacher and he told me yesterday that they’d had a department meeting where they said unless history starts including sustainability in the curriculum, It will cease to exist as a subject in the next 10 to 20 years. Well, if that is happening, there is something happening in the world that this stuff is non-negotiable.
Giles: Fascinating. That’s a very interesting point to finish on, actually. Just the fact that everything’s becoming so rapidly mainstreamed in the time that I’ve been writing about this stuff. Change has developed in the last 20 years.
Andy Last: Climate change and digital connectivity are changing everything.
Giles: Yeah, absolutely. I mean, these are just the whole new world drivers and the whole new business drivers, I think. Yeah. Fantastic. Thank you, Andy. I think we’ve covered everything we wanted to for our audience there, unless there’s anything else you might like to mention to us?
Andy Last: No. Enjoyed talking to you.
Giles: Brilliant. Thank you so much. It’s great talking with you. Hopefully we can talk again at some point in the future. Thanks very much.